生物质超临界水气化制氢过渡金属催化剂研究进展

Advance in the Transition Metals Catalysts for Hydrogen Production by Biomass Gasification in Supercritical Water

由于不需要对原料进行干燥预处理,超临界水直接催化湿生物质气化制氢被认为是最有前途的一项制氢技术,近年来国内外学者对此进行了大量研究,尤其加强了新型过渡金属催化剂的研究。本文重点综述了过渡金属种类、载体材料、金属负载量等对气化的影响,还介绍了不同催化剂助剂的添加以及生物质中微量元素如硫、氯、氮等对催化剂的影响,认为催化剂载体材料的稳定性仍是今后的研究重点。另外,新型催化剂制备方法如超临界流体沉积技术也应得到充分重视。

No needing energy to dry raw material,hydrogen production from wet biomass gasification in supercritical water is considered to be one of the most promising technologies.In recent years,domestic and foreign scholars have done a lot for this technology,especially for the transition metal catalysts.The influence of different metals,different supported materials and metals loading on the results of gasification is reviewed.The activity and stability of promoters modified transition metals for hydrogen generation by supercritical water gasification of biomass has been discussed.Performance of catalysts would be poisoned by a small amount of sulfur,chloride anions and nitrogen in the feeds.It is necessary to strengthen the research on the stability of supported materials.In addition,should give significant attention to the novel preparation methods of catalysts,such as supercritical fluid deposition technique.