碳纤维微观结构表征方法

Characterization Techniques of the Microstructure of Carbon Fibers

碳纤维作为高性能纤维的一种,是先进复合材料最重要的增强材料,碳纤维的微观结构是决定其性能的主要因素。综述了碳纤维微观结构的表征方法,主要包括表面形貌、形态结构、化学结构、晶态结构和孔结构。碳纤维表面形貌表征主要通过扫描电镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM);形态结构主要采用透射电镜(TEM)来表征;化学结构表征主要依靠拉曼光谱(Raman)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS);晶态结构和孔结构分别采用广角X射线衍射(WXRD)和小角X射线散射(SAXS)来分析,这为研究分析如何得到高性能碳纤维提供了参考。

Carbon fiber as a kind of high performance fibers is the most important reinforced material of advanced composites.The main factor to determine the performance of carbon fiber is its microstructure.Characterization techniques of the microstructure of carbon fibers,such as surface topography,morphological structure,chemical structure,crystalline structure and pore structure are summarized.Surface morphology of carbon fiber is characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM)and atomic force microscope(AFM).The morphological structure of carbon fiber is investigated by means of transmission electron microscope(TEM).Characterization methods on chemical structure include Raman spectrum and X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy.Wide angle X-ray diffraction(WXRD)and Small angle X-ray scattering(SAXS)are respectively used to analyze crystalline structure and pore structure.It can be provided reference for obtaining high performance carbon fiber.