中国优势矿产资源管理政策新导向

New guidelines for China's superiority mineral resources management policy

总量控制和出口配额管制是中国优势矿产资源管理的主要政策。总量控制使我国优势矿产资源产量呈下降的态势,但开采总量控制效果不佳,主要是:选冶产能未能有效控制,导致开采控制失效和竞相低价出口初级产品。出口管制使得优势资源近年来出口量呈下降态势,但出口配额管理政策又遭受发达国家的贸易申诉,且常以败诉终结。因此,必须转变我国优势矿产资源管理的方式,由过去的以出口为主,严控开采和出口两端的管理政策,调整为:以为满足国内需求为基础,以开采总量和选冶能力平衡为重点,扶持优势深加工产业发展为方向。通过完善相关法律法规、优化产业整合与布局、调整资源、生态环境保护税费和加强行政监督等手段,有目标地推进中国优势矿产资源管理政策的转变。

The total amount and export quota control are the main management policies for China's superiority mineral resources. Due to the application of these policies,the production amount of these mineral resources has declined in recent years,but some problems remain. This phenomenon,illegal mining and predatory mining are highlighted,thus the total amount control effect is not good,and the resource guarantee gradually declines in recent years. Production capacity of beneficiation and smelting are not effectively controlled,thus more mining of ore is required,and large quantities of primary product are exported at a low price. Export quota is to reduce resource exports originally. In recent years,the export amount of China's superiority mineral resource has declined. But regulation suffers from developed country appeal,and trade disputes are often lost.The export quota management of China's superiority mineral resources will come to an end;thus,it is necessary to change China's management direction of superiority mineral resources. The management policy should focus on export management,controlling mining amount and export quotas in the past changed to meet domestic demand,maintaining the balance of mining and smelting capacity,and supporting the development of deep processing industries. Improving relevant laws and regulations on China's superiority mineral resources,optimizing industrial integration and layout,adjusting resource taxes and eco-environmental compensation fees,and strengthening administrative supervision will promote the management of China's superiority mineral resources and their sustainable development.