中国非常规油气勘探开发进展与前景

China's unconventional oil and gas exploration and development:progress and prospects

世界非常规油气资源丰富,勘查开发利用强度日益加大,正逐步成为常规油气的重要补充,在能源供应中所占比重日益增加,甚至开始影响全球地缘政治和经济格局。中国非常规油气资源潜力巨大,勘查开发已陆续起步,储量和产量增长较为明显,但总体上仍处于初级阶段,资源接续不足,勘探开发面临诸多难题。促进非常规油气的跨越式发展,基础地质调查与研究、科技攻关、政策引导等诸多方面需进一步加强。本文以煤层气、页岩气、油页岩、油砂、天然气水合物等重要非常规油气为研究对象,在系统分析世界及中国非常规油气勘探开发最新进展的基础上,深刻剖析中国非常规油气勘探开发过程中面临的问题,建议在今后工作中,国家要高度重视非常规油气勘探开发,不断加强非常规油气的调查评价和科技攻关,进一步开放勘查开发市场,进一步完善扶持鼓励政策,重视勘探开发过程中的环境保护工作,提高非常规油气对国内能源保障能力、优化能源结构、促进生态环境建设的贡献。

The world's unconventional oil and gas resources are abundant,and exploration and exploitation utilization activities are increasing. This is accounting for an increasing proportion of total energy supply and has begun to affect the global geopolitical and economic structure. China's unconventional oil and gas potential is huge,and exploration and development has just started. The reserves and production growth are obvious,but it is still at a primary stage and faces many difficulties. To promote the development of unconventional oil and gas,we still have a lot of work to do. Here,we take shale gas,coal bed methane,oil shale,oil sands and natural gas hydrate and based on the analysis of global and Chinese unconventional oil and gas,develop an analysis of basic problems in China. For example,we found that the basis of the preliminary work of geological survey and research is insufficient;the technology for China's geological conditions needs to be further developed;development costs remain too high to make a profit;policy support efforts should be further increased;and environmental protection needs to be further specified. We suggest that China pay much more attention to the exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas;increase investment in investigation;vigorously develop technological research;continue to explore innovation mechanisms;further open up markets;further improve supporting and encouraging policies;attach importance to environmental protection work in the process of exploration and development;steadily improve the contribution of domestic energy security;optimize energy structure;and promote the construction of ecological environment.