城市居民低碳消费行为及影响因素研究——以福建省福州市为例

Factors affecting urban residents' low-carbon consumption behavior in Fuzhou

由城市居民消费产生的碳排放量问题日益突出,并对空气质量及生态环境构成一定的威胁。本文通过对福州市城区的实地问卷调查,运用描述统计、单因素方差模型和多元线性回归模型实证分析了城市居民的低碳消费行为问题。研究结果显示:当前城市居民实施低碳消费的行为倾向处于中等略偏上的水平,反映出调控城市居民低碳消费行为的重要性;人口统计学变量对于城市居民低碳消费行为的影响并无显著差异,反映出低碳消费并没有"专属区",具有明显的社会共性特征;而"价值观"、"关注度"、"行政性政策"、"操作能力"、"社会规范"5个变量对城市居民低碳消费行为产生了显著的正向影响作用,反映出心理因素、法规政策及外部因素等会对低碳消费行为产生影响作用。因此,建议开展全员式的低碳消费理念普及与教育活动,引导城市居民正确认知低碳消费行为对自身、经济发展及生态环境产生的价值,提高城市居民实施低碳消费行为的操作能力,并适时出台促进实施低碳消费行为的相关法规政策,从而努力减少由城市居民消费所产生的碳排放量以推动可持续发展。

Carbon emissions caused by consumption by urban residents has become an increasingly serious problem and poses a certain threat to air quality and ecology. In order to understand the current situation and factors influencing low-carbon consumer behavior of people living in cities,and enhance their voluntary willingness for low- carbon consumption,we performed an empirical analysis of low-carbon consumer behavior in cities through on-site questionnaire surveys in urban Fuzhou,Fujian. The findings indicate that people living in cities show a moderate tendency for lowcarbon consumption,reflecting the importance of regulating low-carbon consumer behavior among urban residents. Demographic variables have little effect on low- carbon consumer behavior of urban residents,indicating that there is no‘exclusive area'set up for low-carbon consumption as well as an obvious general social trend. The five variables,‘the values',‘focus',‘administrative policy',‘operational capability' and ‘social norms' have positive effects on low- carbon consumer behavior of urban residents,showing the impact of psychological factors,laws and regulations and external factors on low-carbon consumer behavior. Therefore,it is necessary for us to launch a public education campaign to popularize the low-carbon consumption concept,making city dwellers fully aware of the benefits of low- carbon consumption to themselves,economic development and ecology. We also need to improve the operational capability for city residents to practice the low-carbon concept and introduce relevant laws and policies that are conducive to lowcarbon consumer behavior in cities to reduce carbon emissions arising from consumption by city residents and to promote sustainable development.