滨海旅游小镇旅游用地空间格局演变微尺度分析——以大连金石滩旅游度假区为例

Micro-scale analysis of coastal tourist town tourism land-use spatial pattern evolution for Dalian Jinshitan

采用社会调查数据、扩展强度指数与GIS技术,以大连金石滩旅游度假区为例,定量研究1998-2012年旅游用地时空格局演变特点和驱动机制,研究表明:1旅游用地扩张速度表现为快速增长(1998-2003年),缓慢增长(2003-2007年),稳定增长(2007-2012年)3个阶段。1998-2003年,耕地是旅游用地增长的主要来源,其次是园地和建设附属用地。2003-2007年,其他用地是旅游用地增长的主要来源,其次是耕地和城乡居民用地。2007-2012年,耕地是旅游用地增长的主要来源,其次是其他用地和园地。功能变化:金石滩旅游度假区逐渐由单一功能的传统城镇向集住宿、购物、餐饮、娱乐多元化功能的旅游型城镇转变;2空间格局变化:1998-2003年,旅游开发主要以"海、路、石"为主,旅游用地空间形态以"n"字形布局模式;2003-2012年,旅游开发主要以"海、山、路、石"为主,旅游用地由沿海向内陆呈面状扩展;3驱动机制:区域优势为滨海旅游开发提供了方向性指标,居民协调配合程度在一定程度上影响着政府和旅游企业开发的时间,市场需求的理性选择是小镇功能转化和土地利用变化的内在动力。政府和企业为适应不同阶段的旅游需求做出的调控和规划为旅游用地的相对稳定提供了支撑力。因此,金石滩旅游度假区以内部驱动因子为基础和推动力,外部驱动因子为支撑力,共同驱动旅游用地空间格局的变化。

Here we combined the data sources from the social survey,GIS technology and Expansion intensity index to analyze tourism land-use spatial pattern evolution for the Dalian Jinshitan Tourist Holiday Resort from 1998 to 2012. We found that the expansion of tourism land-use has gone through three periods:rapid expansion(1998-2003),slow growth(2003-2007)and stable development(2007-2012). From 1998-2003 cultivated land is the main source of growth of tourism land-use,second is garden land and the construction of subsidiary land. From2003-2007 other land is the main source of growth of tourism land-use,followed by cultivated land and urban and rural residents' land. From 2007-2012 cultivated land is the main source of growth of tourism land-use,followed by other land and garden plots. Dalian Jinshitan National Tourist Holiday Resort gradually changed from a single function of traditional town to integrating accommodation,shopping,dining and entertainment. From 1998-2003,tourism development is mainly around‘sea,road and stone'tourism land-use spatial form in an‘n'glyph layout mode.From 2003-2012,tourism development centered around the‘mountain,sea,road and stone'tourism land-use spatial form expanded from coastal to inland in planar. Regional advantage index provides a directional indicator for coastal tourism development. To a certain extent,the coordination degree of resident affects the development time of the government and tourism enterprise. The rational choice of the market demand is the intrinsic motivation of the function transformation and land use change of the town. To adapt to different stages of travel demand,regulation and planning is providing support for relative stability of tourism land-use. Therefore:internal drive as the foundation and driving force,external drive as the support,and form tourism special driving mechanism of land use spatial pattern evolution.