新疆森林游憩区空气负离子浓度时空分布特征及其影响因素

Spatiotemporal distribution and influence factors of negative air ion in forest recreation areas across Xinjiang

以新疆阿尔泰山、天山、准格尔盆地西部山地等新疆主要林区的7个森林游憩区及其周边的8个城市为对象,对空气负离子浓度进行动态监测和时空分布特征分析,进而对各地空气质量等级进行对比分析,并初步探讨导致各观测点空气负离子浓度差异的影响因素。结果表明:1森林游憩区的空气负离子浓度日动态在早(7∶00)和晚(18∶00)较高,午间(13∶00)较低;2森林游憩区内不同生态功能区的平均空气负离子浓度有差异,水体、林地两个生态功能区显著高于游客聚集区、停车场两个生态功能区(p<0.05);3以空气负离子角度开展森林游憩区空气质量评价是合理可行的,7个森林游憩区空气负离子浓度显著高于对应的8个城市(p<0.05),70%以上的森林游憩区空气质量等级为A级,8个城市空气质量等级均在C级以下;4不同的森林游憩区,空气质量也有一定差异,7个森林游憩区空气质量等级顺序为:青河>哈纳斯>那拉提>天池>水西沟>哈密林场>巴尔鲁克山;5森林游憩区各生态功能区的空气负离子浓度与气温均呈显著的负相关关系(p<0.001),与空气相对湿度均呈显著的正相关关系(p<0.001),且林区的空气负离子浓度与温度和湿度的相关系数均高于水体、游客聚集区、停车场等其他生态功能区。

Here,we dynamically monitored and analyzed spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of negative air ion concentration in seven forest recreation areas in the Altai Mountains,Tianshan Mountains,western mountain of Junggar Basin and eight surrounding cities in Xinjiang. We compared levels of air quality and discuss the factors leading to differences in negative air ion concentration in observation points. We found that day dynamics for the negative air ion concentration in forest recreation areas is a low negative air ion concentration in the morning(7:00),high at night(18:00)and low at midday(13:00). The average negative air ion concentration in different ecological function zones is different. For example,water and woodland are significantly higher than tourist gathering areas and parking zones. It is reasonable to carry out air quality assessment based on negative air ion in forest recreation areas. The negative air ion concentrations in seven forest recreation areas are significantly higher than our eight focal cities,more than 70% of the forest recreation areas have an air quality rank of A,however air quality in cities are below C. The order of air quality among the seven forest recreation areas is:Qinghe >Hanas> Nalati> Tianchi> Shuixigou> Hami Forest > Baerluke Hills. Negative air ion concentration and temperature in each ecological function zone in forest recreation areas are negatively correlated,and positively correlated with relative humidity. The correlation coefficients of negative air ion concentration and temperature and humidity in forests are higher than for other ecological functional areas such as water,tourist gathering areas and parking lots.