利用低温放热(LTE)测定葡萄冬芽耐寒性方法的优化及应用

Optimized Method for Detecting the Cold Hardiness of Grape Dormant Bud by Low Temperature Exotherms(LTE)Analysis and Its Utilization

以葡萄休眠芽为试材,对利用低温放热(low temperature exotherm,LTE)分析耐寒性方法中适宜的保湿水量及取芽位置进行了研究,同时比较了–4℃和–8℃低温贮藏过程中葡萄冬芽LTE的变化动态。结果表明,LTE测定时每个模块中适宜的保湿水量为150μL,取样时应选择第3~8节位饱满休眠芽。枝条在–4℃贮藏能够有效延长冬芽LTE的评价,但适宜的贮藏期限为3个月。同时,采用优化的方法对4个类型20个葡萄种质的LTE测定表明,欧亚种、欧美种、种间杂种和野生种的耐寒性依次增强,且同一类型不同品种的耐寒性也存在较大差异。

The moisture condition and nodes of grapevine dormant buds during the low temperature exotherm(LTE)analysis were optimized and the changes of LTE of dormant buds were investigated under storage at–4 ℃ and–8 ℃. The results show that the appropriate moisture condition of grape dormant buds was 150 μL for each cell. The plump dormant buds from the 3rd–8th node can be used as suitable material. The cold hardiness of buds was maintained up to 3 months under the storage at–4 ℃. By using optimized methods,the cold hardiness of 20 grape germplasms including 5 wild species were detected. The results reveal that the LTE of wild species was significantly lower than those of the other germplasm including the cultivars from interspecific hybrids,and the Vitis vinifera cultivars had the highest LTE. Furthermore,the cold hardiness of grape buds of the same type varied with cultivars or species.