蛋氨酸硒对厚皮甜瓜生理特性和品质的影响

Effects of Methionine-selenium on Physiological Characteristics and Quality of Muskmelon

以厚皮甜瓜(Cucumis melo)品种‘M135’为试材,研究了叶面喷施蛋氨酸硒对其生理特性、硒含量和品质的影响。喷施浓度试验以喷等量清水为对照,叶片喷施硒浓度分别为15、30和60 mg·L-1的蛋氨酸硒溶液3次,结果表明:喷施硒浓度为30 mg·L-1蛋氨酸硒溶液,可使果实品质显著提高,且达到富硒标准。喷施次数试验以不喷为对照,对叶面分别喷施1、2和3次30 mg·L-1蛋氨酸硒溶液,结果表明:喷施1~3次蛋氨酸硒溶液后,厚皮甜瓜叶片色素含量和光合速率显著提高,植株生长量及产量均显著高于对照;果肉中的有机硒、无机态Se6+和Se4+、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸含量也明显升高。喷施2次处理的果肉中硒的总含量为43.13μg·kg-1,有机硒含量35.38μg·kg-1,达到富硒标准;可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸含量分别比对照提高了9.14%、31.72%和33.90%。可见,叶面喷施蛋氨酸硒不仅提高了厚皮甜瓜的硒含量,还可增强光合能力,从而提高产量和综合品质,尤其是喷施2次30 mg·L-1的蛋氨酸硒溶液。

The effect of methionine-selenium(Met-Se)on selenium(Se)content,physiological characteristics,and quality of the muskmelon(Cucumis melo‘M135')were studied by spraying Met-Se solution on the leaves. Spraying the same amount of water was set as control in the spraying concentration test,Met-Se solution with different Se concentration(15,30 or 60 mg · L-1)were respectively sprayed on the leaves of the muskmelon. Results indicated that the Se concentration of 30 mg · L-1 Met-Se solution significantly increased the quality of muskmelon fruit compared with the control,and up to the selenium-rich standards. Taking none spraying as control in the spraying times test,sprayed Met-Se solution with Se concentration of 30 mg · L-1 respectively once,twice or three times on the leaves. Results indicated thatsprayed Met-Se solution for 1–3 times led to an obvious increase in pigment content,photosynthetic rate(Pn),growth volume and yield. The contents of organic and inorganic Se,soluble sugars,proteins and free anomic acids in fruit were also higher than those of the control. The contents of Se and organic Se in muskmelon fruit treated with Met-Se solution for 2 times were 43.13 μg · kg-1 and 35.38 μg · kg-1respectively,and the soluble sugar,protein and free anomic acid contents increased by 9.14%,31.72% and 33.90% respectively compared with those of the control. These data suggested that foliar spraying Met-Se not only increased the Se content in muskmelon fruits,but also enhanced the photosynthetic capacity,and improved the yield and integrated quality,especially sprayed Met-Se solution with Se concentration 30 mg · L-1 for 2 times.