刈割对不同苜蓿品种生长和产量的影响

Effect of mowing on growth and yield of different alfalfa varieties

【目的】比较4个苜蓿品种在不同刈割次数下的生长特性及产量,为呼和浩特地区苜蓿种植和推广提供理论依据。【方法】以金皇后、苜蓿王、中草3号和草原3号4个苜蓿品种为研究对象,探讨不同刈割次数(分别为一年刈割1,2,3和4次)下产量、高度、茎叶比和再生能力的变化。【结果】1)苜蓿总干草产量以一年刈割3次时最高;一年刈割4次时植株高度最高,茎叶比值最低,但其产量较刈割3次和2次时有所降低。随着刈割茬次的增加,苜蓿的再生速度和再生强度先升高后下降。2)在刈割条件下,苜蓿总干草产量、植株高度和茎叶比在各品种之间未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05)。不同苜蓿品种的再生能力呈现一定差异性,其中金皇后和苜蓿王的再生能力高于中草3号和草原3号。【结论】在内蒙古呼和浩特地区苜蓿适宜的刈割次数不超过3次,其中金皇后和苜蓿王耐刈割,再生能力较强。

【Objective】This study compared the growth and yield of four alfalfa varieties under different mowing frequencies to improve the cultivation and promotion of alfalfa in Hohhot area.【Method】The yield,height,steam to leaf ratio and regeneration ability of four alfalfa varieties(Medicago sativa cv.Gold Empress,Medicago sativa cv.Alfalfa King,Medicago sativa cv.Zhongcao No.3,and Medicago sativa cv.Caoyuan No.3)were determined and evaluated under different cutting frequencies(once,twice,three times,and four times per year).【Result】1)The highest total hay yield was obtained when mowing frequency was three times a year,while the highest plant height and the lowest ratio of stem to leaf were obtained when the mowing frequency was four times a year.The regrowth rate and regrowth intensity were increased first and then decreased with increasing cutting frequency for all varieties.2)There were no differences for yield,plant height,and ratio of stem to leaf among the four tested varieties P<0.05.There was significant difference in regenerability among the tested varieties(P<0.05),and Medicago sativa cv.Gold Empress and Medicago sativa cv.Alfalfa King had stronger regenerability than Medicago sativa cv.Zhongcao No.3,and Medicago sativa cv.Caoyuan No.3.【Conclusion】The optimum cutting frequency was no more than three times a year for the tested alfalfa varieties in Hohhot,Inner Mongolia.Medicago sativacv.Gold Empress and Medicago sativa cv.Alfalfa King had strong regenerability.