小麦温敏雄性不育系BNS的遗传稳定性及恢复性

Hereditary stability and restoration of thermo-photo-sensitive male sterile line BNS of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)

【目的】研究小麦温敏雄性不育系BNS的遗传稳定性和恢复性。【方法】采用BNS分期播种(2011-10-08、10-28、11-11及2012-02-13、03-12)、BNS与常规品种(680个)测交、BNS与YS型温敏雄性不育系732A正反交等方法,研究BNS的遗传稳定性、可恢复性及其与其他温敏不育系的关系。【结果】(1)随播期的延迟BNS自交结实率逐渐提高,国际法、国内法计算的自交结实率分别为18%~126%和7%~79%,但晚春播(2012-03-12)小麦育性较早春播(2012-02-13)下降;不同播期的自交种正常秋播,自交结实率均很低且保持稳定,国际法、国内法计算的自交结实率分别为11%~18%和3%~6%;随着播期的延后,孕穗期至抽穗期缩短明显,由19d缩短为9d。(2)在正常秋播的BNS小麦中发现的3株完全可育株(BNSB1、BNSB2和BNSB6),单株收获并正常秋播,各群体均为完全可育株,自交结实率与小偃22接近。(3)测交的680个组合的杂种F1中,16个组合自交结实率(国际法)达到90%以上,占总组合的2.35%,其中7个组合自交结实率达到100%(国际法)以上,且超过对应父本的自交结实率。(4)BNS与732A的正反交F1均自交可育,自交结实率(国际法)分别为38.89%和40.63%,且732A的强恢复系均不能成为BNS的恢复系。【结论】小麦的温敏雄性不育系BNS的温敏不育特性可稳定遗传,是非K型细胞质的不育类型小麦。

【Objective】This paper investigated the hereditary stability and restoration of wheat male sterile line BNS.【Method】Sowing of BNS at different dates(2011-10-08,2011-10-28,2011-11-11,2012-02-13,and 2012-03-12),crossing of BNS with 680 conventional cultivars,and reciprocal crossing between BNS and YS type thermo-photo-sensitive male sterile line 732 A were conducted to study the hereditary stability and restoration of BNS,and the relationship between BNS and other thermo-photo-sensitive male sterile lines.【Result】(1)As the delay of sowing date,the booting stage to heading stage reduced significantly ranging from 19 to 9dwith the increasing self-seed rates of BNS,18%-126%(international)and 7%-79%(national).However,the self-seed rate of BNS sowed in late spring was lower than that in early spring.The self-seed rates from different sowing dates were low and stable,11%-18%(international)and3%-6%(national).(2)Three fully fertile plants BNSB1,BNSB2 and BNSB6 were found from BNSsowed in autumn and all populations were also fully fertile plants after harvest and normal sowing in autumn.Their self-seed rates were close to that of Xiaoyan 22.(3)A total of 16 restorer lines with restoring rate up to 90%(international)were selected from the 680 combinations,accounting for 2.35% of the total.7out of the 16 restorer lines with restoring rate up to 100%(international)were higher than their male parents.(4)F1of reciprocal cross between 732 Aand BNS were all fully fertile plants with international self-seed rates of 38.89% and 40.63%,respectively,and promising restorer lines of 732 A were not selected as the restorer lines of BNS.There were no allelic male sterile genes between BNS and 732 A.【Conclusion】The thermo-sensitive male sterile characteristic of BNS can be inherited stably.BNS was non K type male sterile wheat line.