生物活性炭法深度处理印染废水及其生物毒性的表征

Advanced treatment of dye wastewater by biological activated carbon and biological toxicity characterization

采用负载经驯化后微生物的活性炭深度处理实际印染废水,研究生物活性炭系统中存在的生物相及其降解有机污染物的作用,并表征了处理后印染废水的生物毒性。结果表明,生物相中含有草履虫、轮虫及钟虫等原生动物。随着运行次数的增加,活性炭反应器在运行5次后出水的COD、NH3-N及色度去除率骤降,但是生物活性炭处理后出水的COD、NH3-N及色度去除率缓慢下降。生物活性炭能很好地降解印染废水中的苯酚类和稠环芳烃污染物。本研究中生物活性炭反应器对氨氮和COD的去除符合一级动力学方程,去除动力学常数分别为1.02和0.96。经过生物活性炭的处理可以将印染废水的生物毒性降到适于小球藻生长的水平。

The dye wastewater was deep treated by biological activated carbon. The biological phase and the degradation of organic pollutants in biological activated carbon system were investigated. Then,the biological toxicities of dye wastewater were characterized. The results indicate that the protozoa such as paramecia,rotifers and vorticellas,appeared in the biological phase. NH3-N,COD and color removal rates of dye wastewater in activated carbon system decreased with the number of runs,suddenly dropped at No. 5 run,but those slowly decreased in biological activated carbon system. UV spectroscopy demonstrates that the phenols and PAHs( Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) pollutants in dye wastewater can be degraded effectively by biological activated carbon. The removals of NH3-N and COD in the biological activated carbon system were fitted with the first-order kinetics equation,the kinetic constants were 1. 02 and 0. 96,respectively. After being treated the biological toxicities of dye wastewater reduced to the level suitable for Chlorella.