研发要素集聚、投入强度与研发效率——基于空间异质性的视角

R&D agglomeration,investment intensity and R&D efficiency:Based on the perspective of spatial heterogeneity

研发溢出效应以及空间异质性使得研发要素集聚与研发效率之间的关系变得复杂。基于空间异质性视角,应用空间面板模型和门限面板模型考察了1993-2012我国研发要素集聚与研发效率之间的非线性空间联系。实证结果表明:我国研发要素集聚与研发效率在空间上呈非均衡分布,研发要素集聚对研发效率具有明显的提升效应;研发要素集聚对研发效率提升效应主要取决于研发投入强度和研发要素集聚水平,研发投入强度越大,研发要素集聚对研发效率提升作用就越明显;而研发要素集聚和研发效率之间则呈倒"U"型关系,研发要素集聚跨过一个门槛值,将抑制研发效率的提升。本文政策含义明显,政府应持续加大研发投入强度,同时切忌走入盲目提高研发要素集聚的误区,应根据本地区的实际情况,有针对性地实施差异化的研发效率提升策略。

R&D spillover effect and the spatial heterogeneity make the R&D of agglomeration and efficiency relationship more complicated. In this paper,based on the spatial heterogeneity of angle,applies the spatial panel model and the threshold panel model and inspects nonlinear space contact on R&D agglomeration and efficiency. The empirical results show that R&D agglomeration and efficiency present non balanced distribution in space,the enhancing effect of agglomeration and R&D efficiency depends on the intensity of investment and R&D agglomeration level,R&D investment intensity. R&D agglomeration of R&D efficiency promotion effect is more obvious,and R&D agglomeration and R&D efficiency between the inverted ' U' relation. R&D agglomeration reaches a specific value.R&D agglomeration will restrain the development efficiency. The obvious policy implies that the government should continue to increase investment in R&D strength,and not blindly raise R&D agglomeration,should implement differentiation strategy of improving R&D efficiency according to the actual situation in the region.