人工生物蓄水过滤系统对雨水的滞留与过滤功效

Rainwater retention and filtration effects of artificial biological storage-filtration system

通过人工构建3个不同沙土配比的生物蓄水过滤系统,对人工系统滞留雨水时间和净化雨水的功效进行了研究。首先,根据自然降雨特点将雨水地表径流按照不同水量与进水时间引入系统,然后测定系统出水水量、时间、水质以及土壤湿度,比较植物层和整个系统滞留雨水径流的效果以及系统过滤雨水的功效。结果表明,(1)人工生物蓄水过滤系统有显著的滞留雨水的作用。其中植物层滞留雨水时间4.72~11.50 h,整个系统滞留雨水时间为5.17~13.80 h,人工系统比植物层滞留雨水时间显著延长,且进水量越大,差异越显著。(2)系统出水流速平缓,蒸发与植物蒸腾耗水量比例低于6%;壤土含量越高,滞留雨水时间越长。(3)经系统过滤,系统出水酸碱度平均增加0.81,氨氮含量平均降低0.42 mg/L。

The effects of three types of artificial biological storage-filtration systems on rainwater retention and filtration were studied. The artificial biological storage-filtration systems are composed of plant layer and matrix including sand and soil with different proportions. Firstly,the runoff was led into the systems with the different volumes of water and in different time limits according to the rainfall characteristics,and the the system water yield,water drainage time limit and drained water quality were measured. The results show that the artificial biological storage-filtration system has a role of water retention. The plant layer slows down rainwater for 4. 72 ~ 11.50 hours and the entire system slows for 5. 17 ~ 13. 80 hours,the latter is significantly longer than the former.The water retention time is longer while the soil proportions in system are higher. The velocity of water flowing out of the system gets more steady. The amount of evaporation and transpiration is less than 6%. The content of soil and the water retention time has a positive correlation one. Through system filtration,the p H of drained water increases 0. 81 while the ammonia concentration decreases 0. 42 mg / L.