产学研联盟契约和信任对知识转移的影响研究

The impact of contract and trust on knowledge transfer in university- industry alliances

从联盟治理机制的角度研究产学研联盟中契约和信任对知识转移的影响,对于促进大学和科研机构的知识向企业成功转移,进而实现我国企业技术能力提升意义重大。本文在前期案例探索的基础上,采用大样本实证研究方法,从细分维度的角度,深入分析了不同维度契约、信任对不同类型知识转移的直接效应和交互效应。实证研究结果显示,契约协调机制对产学研联盟成员的显性知识转移有积极作用,但对隐性知识转移没有显著效应;契约控制机制有利于提高显性知识转移效果,却会抑制隐性知识的转移;信任对两类知识转移均有促进作用,但对隐性知识转移的作用相对更强;契约协调和信任对显性知识和隐性知识转移均会产生正向交互效应,而契约控制和信任对两类知识转移却会产生负向交互效应。基于以上研究结果,本文提出了一系列的管理启示。

In order to accelerate the successful knowledge transfer between universities and firms and strengthen the independent innovative capability of firms in China,it is important to study the impact of formal contract and trust on knowledge transfer in university-industry( UI) alliances from the perspective of alliance governance mechanisms. Based on the previous case study,this article analyzes in depth both the direct effect and the interaction effect of different contractual dimensions and trust on different types of knowledge transfer. The empirical result shows that contractual coordination governance promotes explicit knowledge transfer in UI cooperation,but has no significant effect on tacit knowledge transfer. Contractual control governance can improve the performance of explicit knowledge transfer,but will hinder tacit knowledge transfer. Trust exerts a significant positive impact on both explicit knowledge transfer and tacit knowledge transfer,but its impact on tacit knowledge transfer is larger than on explicit knowledge transfer. In addition,contractual coordination and trust have positive interactions on explicit and tacit knowledge transfer,while contractual control and trust have negative interactions on them. Based on the above findings,some management implications are proposed.