桢楠现代木和阴沉木精油化学成分的GC-MS分析

GC-MS analysis of chemical components of essential oils from recent and ancient buried Phoebe zhennan woods

【目的】比较桢楠现代木和阴沉木精油的化学组成成分,为了解桢楠的耐腐、发香机理提供参考。【方法】将桢楠现代木和阴沉木木粉进行水蒸气蒸馏,对精油组分进行GC-MS分析,按峰面积归一法计算各组分的相对含量。【结果】桢楠现代木精油分离出51个色谱峰,鉴定出37种化合物,其相对含量之和占精油总量的86.20%;桢楠阴沉木精油分离出37个色谱峰,鉴定出32种化合物,其相对含量之和占精油总量的99.64%,桢楠现代木精油中相对含量较高的成分有7-氨基-4-甲基香豆素(21.72%)、氧化石竹烯(8.62%)、去氢白菖烯(5.11%)、T-杜松醇(4.49%)、环氧化蛇麻烯Ⅱ(3.96%);桢楠阴沉木精油中相对含量较高的成分有香树烯(22.47%)、γ-杜松烯(21.47%)、d-杜松烯(14.10%)、γ-桉叶醇(6.85%)。二者共有成分为α-荜澄茄烯、β-榄香烯、α-香柠檬烯、石竹烯、γ-衣兰油烯、α-二去氢菖蒲烯、榄香醇、γ-桉叶醇和雪松烯9种化合物。【结论】氧化石竹烯、去氢白菖烯、T-杜松醇成分是桢楠具有较好防腐防霉性能的主要原因;桢楠在形成阴沉木的过程中部分精油成分发生分解;桢楠的香味可能是由于α-荜澄茄烯、氧化石竹烯、香树烯、杜松烯的存在引起的。

【Objective】The chemical components of essential oils from recent and ancient buried Zhennan(Phoebe zhennan)woods were compared to understand the non-corrodibility and aroma of Zhennan.【Method】Particles of both recent and ancient buried woods were distilled with hot water steam.Their essential oils were obtained and the chemical components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).【Result】A total of 51 peaks were separated in recent Zhennan essential oil,and 37 compounds,consisting of 86.20% of crude essential oil,were identified.While a total of 37 peaks were separated in ancient buried wood essential oil,and 32 compounds,consisting of 99.64% of crude essential oil,were identified.The compounds in essential oil of recent Zhennan wood included 1-(3-Methylbutyl)-2,3,4,5-tetramethylbenzene(21.72%),Caryophyllene oxide(8.62%),1-Calamenene(5.11%),.tau.-Cadinol(4.49%)and(-)-Humulene epoxideⅡ(3.96%),those in essential oil of ancient buried Zhennan wood included(-)-Alloaromadendrene(22.47%),γ-Cadinene(21.47%),d-Cadinene(14.10%)andγ-eudesmol(6.85%).Compounds such asα-Cubebene,Caryophyllene andα-Calacorene were found in oils from both recent and ancient buried Zhennan(Phoebe zhennan)woods.【Conclusion】The existence of Caryophyllene oxide,1-Calamenene,and tau.-Cadinol contributed to the non-corrodibility of Zhennan wood.During the formation of ancient buried Zhennan wood,part of the essential oil were decomposed.The aroma of Zhennan wood may be related to compounds such asα-Cubebene,and Caryophyllene oxide.