引入石河子地区的5个葡萄砧木抗寒性比较

Study on the cold resistance of five grapevine rootstocks introduced to Shihezi

【目的】检测引进葡萄砧木品种在新疆石河子地区的抗寒适应性,筛选出具有较好抗寒性的品种,为新疆葡萄砧木品种的推广应用提供理论依据。【方法】以引入石河子地区的5个葡萄砧木品种的1 a(年)生枝条为试材,分别在-10℃、-15℃、-20℃、-25℃、-30℃、-35℃下进行低温胁迫处理,以4℃贮藏的枝条为对照,测定其相对电导率、萌芽率、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等生理指标,计算了其半致死温度,同时进行了田间自然鉴定。【结果】随着处理温度的降低,各品种枝条的相对电导率逐渐升高;‘贝达’、‘5BB’、‘5C’、‘420A’、‘110R’的半致死温度分别为-34.60℃、-32.00℃、-24.40℃、-14.79℃、-14.07℃;抗寒性强的品种能保持较高的酶活性;田间鉴定结果与电导法和保护酶活性法结果一致。【结论】5种供试材料中,‘贝达’和‘5BB’抗寒性最强。电导法和保护酶活性法是葡萄砧木抗寒性的有效预选方法。

【Objective】To investigate cold resistance of five grapevine rootstocks introduced to Shihezi inorder to provide the foundation for introducing rootstock for Xinjiang region.【Methods】With five graperootstock shoots as materials,the physiological and biochemical indicators,like relative conductivity,bud germination rate,SOD,POD,CAT were measured after the shoots were treated with 4 ℃,-10 ℃,-15 ℃,-20 ℃,-25 ℃,-30 ℃,-35 ℃. The semi-lethal temperature of grapevine rootstocks was calculat-ed with the relative conductivity by the Logistic equation,the field resistance evaluation was survey at thesame time.【Results】The results showed that as the temperature decreased,the relative conductivity of allthe shoots increased gradually. The semi-lethal temperature of Beta,‘5BB',5C,‘420A'and‘110R'were-34.60 ℃,-32.00 ℃,-24.4 ℃,-14.79 ℃ and-14.07 ℃ respectively. Beta and‘5BB'with morecold hardiness could maintain higher contents of SOD,POD and CAT as well,the field resistance evalua-tion showed the same trend.【Conclusion】Among 5 kinds of test materials,the hardiness of‘Beta'and‘5BB'were strongest,‘5C'followed,the hardiness of‘420A'and‘110R'was weak. The relative conduc-tivity and protective enzyme activity were proper for cold resistance identification of grapevine rootstock.