美国大学教师兼职活动的规范及其启示

On Regulation of Faculty's Off-campus Part-time Activities in American Universities and Its Enlightenment

美国大学对教师兼职采取"鼓励+规范"的态度,它根据兼职活动可能引发的潜在利益冲突、责任冲突的严重程度进行分类管理,涉及兼职是否需要事先批准、兼职时间限制及年度报告,等等。美国的经验与启示是,要制定校外兼职管理办法及实施细则,对兼职活动分类管理,强化对兼职教师的考核与监督。

American universities adopted the attitude of'encouragement and normalization'to regulate faculty's off-campus part-time activities.According to the severity of potential interest conflicts and commitments that caused by off-campus part-time activities,they had already carried out some classification management which included whether in need of prior approval,time limited and the annual report about faculty's off-campus part-time activities,and so on.The American experience and enlightenment was to formulate our universities' management measures and the detailed implementation for off-campus part-time activities,to classify off-campus part-time activities management,to strengthen the assessment and supervision of faculty who involved in part-time activity.