《左传》、《国语》时间副词比较研究

Comparative Study of the Adverbs of Time in Zuo Zhuan and Guo Yu

《左传》、《国语》是研究先秦汉语的典型语料,两书在文献关系上存在千丝万缕的联系。时间副词是汉语副词中的一个重要次类,使用频率多,特点鲜明。对《左传》和《国语》的时间副词进行比较,可以发现两书中常用的时间副词在使用频率方面表现出较强的一致性,在语法功能和句法分布方面的特点基本也是一致的,只是在个别副词的使用上存在细微的差异。由此可以推测《左传》、《国语》应当是出于同一派学者之手。

Zuo Zhuan and Guo Yu are typical corpora for the study of Pre-Qin Chinese. The two books have innumerable links with each other. Adverbs of time are a key sub-category of Chinese adverbs,featuring high frequency in use and distinct characteristics. This article compares the adverbs of time in Zuo Zhuan and Guo Yu. The comparison reveals that the two books show strong consistency in the frequency of common adverbs of time and demonstrates that grammatical functions and syntactic distributions are substantially consistent. In these two books,only the use of the individual adverbs has subtle differences. Through the comparative analysis we infer that the two books might be composed by the scholars of the same school.