建国以来中国共产党农村社会治理思想的历史演进

Historical Evolution of Chinese Communist Party's Rural Social Governance Ideas since the Founding of PRC

建国以来中国共产党农村社会治理的思想大体经过了专政管制、社会管理到社会治理的历史演进。改革开放前构建的专政管制机制采用的是通过运动的治理策略,从解放初期的土地改革运动、合作化运动到人民公社化运动是"惩罚弥散化"的"阶级斗争"治村策略的一步步加深。这种"阶级斗争"治村策略的确立是基于对中国主要矛盾的错误判断。改革开放后中国共产党在革命和阶级斗争已经结束的前提下开始探索法律的治理策略,但并不是依法治村的单兵突进,而是紧紧围绕如何更好地实现"坚持党的领导、村民当家作主和依法治村有机统一"这一主体而合力推进的。中国共产党农村社会治理思想演变的关键是新中国60多年来土地产权的变化。

Chinese Communist Party( CCP) 's rural social governance thinking has in general developed through the stages of authoritarian regulation,social management and social governance since the founding of New China. CCP adopted a strategy of governance through campaigns and movements before the reform and opening. The village governance strategy of class struggle featuring 'the diffusion of punishment'was deepened step by step from the land reform movement,the cooperative movement to people's commune movement,which was a result of the misjudgment of China's major conflicts. After the reform and opening and upon the completion of revolution and class struggle,CCP began to explore the governance policies of the law and delved into the rural social governance by promoting the organic integration of 'the party's leadership,the villager's master role and governance of law'. The key idea of evolution of CCP's social governance is the change in land property rights over the sixty years since the founding of PRC.