论先秦儒家“比德”思想的教育意涵

The Educational Implication of Confucian Metonymy in the Pre-Qin Period

儒家的"比德"是艺术性地师法自然,它以具体事物的某些特点描绘人类抽象的精神品格,使人从天地万物中获得启迪、受到熏陶,其实质就是寄情万物,皆以养德,发现人生的意义。先秦儒家"比德"思想的内容丰富、形式多样,其教育意涵相当深远:既奠定了先秦儒家厚德的文化基础,又增加了对自然的审美情趣,更凸显了全面完善的君子人格之美。

The Confucian metonymy was a method of following examples of the nature artistically.Based on the substantive characters of specific things,it depicted abstract human spirits vividly.This method helped persons gain inspirations from the universe,which exerted a gradual uplifting influence on themselves.The Confucian metonymy was informative and diversified,which had a profound effect on moral and cultural inheritance,aesthetic tastes and personal charms of gentlemen.