加拿大原住民语言保护因素分析及其对中国的启示

An Analysis of Retention Factors of Canadian Aboriginal Languages and Its Implications to China

联合国教科文组织持续呼吁国际社会关注濒危语言,保护语言及文化多样性,促进社会平等、和谐发展。加拿大作为多民族、多语言的国家,积极采取相关政策与措施,在保护其濒危语言、发展多语言教育、促进社会包容发展方面积累了一定经验,成为语言及文化多样性保护较好的范例。对于加拿大的原住民来说,语言是他们保留和传承民族文化、寻求自主和文化复兴的根本要素。进入20世纪后,大量的原住民语言日渐衰退,有些甚至濒临灭绝,究其原因,一系列因素影响到原住民语言的保护与发展。加拿大的成功经验,不仅有助于我们保护文化遗产、加强社会团结,而且也为我国少数民族的语言发展提供了有价值的启发。

UNESCO has been calling for people’s concern for endangered languages in the world so as to protect the language and cultural diversity and promote social equality and harmony .As a country with multiple ethnic groups and languages ,Canada set a good example by adopting a variety of policies and strategies to preserve its minority languages ,develop multilingual education ,and build a tolerant and har‐monious society .For aboriginals in Canada ,language is the key to retain their traditional culture and seek self‐government and cultural revitalization .After entry into 20th century however numerous aboriginal languages are dying out due to a number of influencing factors .Canada’s successful experience will not on‐ly facilitate our cultural heritage protection and social unity construction but also provide implications for the language development of ethnic minorities in China .