初始水权界定机制的比较与选择

On the Definition Mechanism of Initial Water Rights

水权界定即水权的初次分配及其权利主体的清晰化,是水权配置过程中的首要环节,也是水权交易和水市场形成的基础和前提。水权配置机制主要包括行政机制、市场机制和自主协商机制。利用完全信息静态博弈模型和动态重复博弈模型对水权界定机制进行分析所得出的结论是:私人之间以竞争的方式来界定初始水权,会造成"公地悲剧",甚至分水冲突的发生;自主协商机制虽然能够在小规模人群之间实现初始水权的分配,但其分水协议不具有强制性约束力,特别是在人数较多的情况下,分水协议更不具有约束力。唯有民主协商基础上的政府行政机制才是水权界定的最佳选择。

To definite the initial water rights means the first allocation of water rights and the clear of water rights owner witch is not only the first step in the process of water rights allocation,but also the basis and premise of water rights trading and water market. The mechanisms of allocation of Water rights generally include administrative mechanism,market mechanism and independent negotiation mechanism. Through the analysis by using the complete information static game model and dynamic game model for water rights distribution mechanism,we concluded that: the competition between private to the way to define the initial water rights,will cause the ' tragedy of the commons',even the water conflict; autonomous negotiation mechanism can realize the initial allocation of water rights in small groups,but the water diversion agreement is not mandatory and binding,especially in a large number of cases,the water protocol is not binding. Only on the basis of deliberative democracy,government administrative mechanism is the best choice of the definition of water rights.