中国地区工业生产率增长差异及收敛性研究——基于三投入DEA实证分析

The Disparity and Convergence of Industrial TFP Growth in Chinese Provinces: Based on the Three-input DEA Model Study

本文在传统的两投入非参数随机前沿生产函数的基础上,把人力资本纳入到研究框架中,形成三投入非参数随机前沿生产函数,进而分析了中国各地区1998—2011年工业的全要素生产率(TFP)增长率变迁和各地区工业TFP增长的收敛性问题。研究结果表明:中国整体工业全要素生产率呈现出震荡式的上升,年均增长率为5.2%,且推动TFP增长的主要动力是技术进步,技术效率恶化对TFP增长产生了一定的负面影响;东部和西部的工业TFP增长率显著高于全国平均水平,而中部地区的工业TFP增长率显著低于全国平均水平,并且西部地区的工业TFP增长率位居三大地区之首;东部地区工业TFP增长的动力源泉是技术进步,而中西部地区工业TFP增长的动力源泉是技术进步和技术效率改善双驱动;全国及三大区域工业TFP增长均不存在σ-收敛和绝对β-收敛,即全国范围内没有绝对收敛,但全国及三大区域工业TFP增长均存在条件收敛。

Based on the traditionally two-input non-parametric stochastic frontier production function,we incorporate the human capital as an input factor into the research framework to form three-input nonparametric stochastic frontier production function. Under the new research framework,we deeply analyze the TFP growth change of industry and regional convergence of industrial TFP growth. The results show that: China's overall industrial TFP show a quiveringly growing tendency,and the average annual growth rate of industrial TFP is 5. 2%. The main driving force to industry TFP growth is technological progress,and deterioration of technical efficiency has a negative influence; growth rate of industrial TFP in eastern and western regions is significantly higher than that of national average,while growth rate of industrial TFP in central regions of the industrial is significantly below that of national average. And growth rate of industry TFP in west region takes the first in the three regions; the power source of industrial TFP growth in eastern region is technological progress,and driving force of industrial TFP growth in central and western regions is technological progress and improvement of technological efficiency; there is no σ-convergence and absolute β-convergence in both whole country and the three regions. That is to say,there is no absolute convergence across the country. But conditional convergence of industrial TFP growth in both the whole country and the three regions is present.