我国地区工资差异决定中的路径依赖特征与锁住效应弱化分析

An Analysis of Path-Dependent Characteristics and Weakening Lock-in Effects of Regional Wage Differentials in China

缩小贫富差距,实现共同富裕,需合理减小各地区的工资差异。笔者尝试从宏观市场潜能、微观劳动生产率以及外部不经济三个方面就路径依赖特征和锁住效应及其弱化对我国地区间工资水平决定的影响进行分析。通过Dixit-Stiglitz的垄断竞争模型构建了地区间工资水平影响的实证分析模型,利用系统GMM方法对模型的稳健拟合验证了各主要因素对我国省级地域工资水平的影响。通过对路径依赖和锁住效应的检验发现:市场潜能以及劳动生产率因素所存在的路径依赖特征和弱化的锁住效应对我国地区间工资水平格局及其演进有较好的解释力,这对于更好地理解我国地区间工资格局及其区域差异有重要的现实意义。最后从合理缩小现有的工资水平区域差距,促进区域协调发展的角度出发提出了若干的政策建议。

To rationally reduce regional wage differentials and achieve common prosperity,it is needed to narrow the gap between the rich and the poor. This paper attempts to analyze the macro-market potential,micro-labor productivity and external diseconomies' impacts on the regional wage level decisions in China through path-dependent features,lock-in effect and its weakening effects. The paper builds the regional wage levels affect factor model through the Dixit and Stiglitz model firstly,and then verifies the main factors' effect on the regional wage level through robust fitting of the model by using the system GMM method. In the path-dependence characteristic and lock-in effect test part,it is found that the path-dependence and the weakening lock-in effects existing in the factors of the market potential and the labor productivity can better explain the pattern of regional wage level and its evolution in our country. The discovery has important practical significance on better understanding of the regional wage level pattern in China. At last the article puts forward several policy recommendations from the perspective of reasonably narrowing the existing regional disparities in wage level and promoting regional coordinated development.