疑问词的特征组合、移位岛限制与汉语特指疑问句的中介语研究

An Interlanguage Study on Wh-questions in Chinese : Feature Combinations of Wh-words, Island Constraints

制约疑问词提升的领属原则在汉语论元型、附加语型以及副词型疑问句中的可及性会因母语类型学特征差异而有所不同。基于多元方差分析的实证结果对此予以确认:日韩组在四类测试句型上均呈现出完全可及的态势,俄英组在附加语型测试句方面的表现可视为部分可及,而法阿组和俄英组在副词型测试句方面表现出完全不可及的特点。研究的启示在于:中介语语法的确有可能是具有内在逻辑性的知识系统,但其系统性会因母语类型学特征、二语输入方式等习得因素的多重影响而呈现在不同句法结构的不同层面。未来的中介语理论构建理应把如何整合不同层面的系统性作为研究的重点。

In the L2 acquisition of three types of Chinese interrogative questions(the argument type, the adjunct type,and the adverbial type), the availability of the Subjacency Principle, which constrains the raising of wh-words, is subject to the typology of learners ' native language. The present study, by way of multiple dependent variable( MANOVA), confirms this acquisitional pattern : Japanese-Korean group demonstrates a Full-availability performance on the four types of test sentences, Russian-English group a Partial-availability performance on the adjunct type, whereas the performance by Russian-English group and French-Arabic group on adverbial type amounts to Non-availability. The insights gained from this study lie in revealing the internal logic of knowledge system inherent with interlanguage grammar,and in highlighting the multiple interactions among L1 typological features, L2 input, etc, as is demonstrated at different aspects of various constructions. Thus, the theoretical construction in future interlanguage studies is advised to integrate the systematicity that exists at various levels.