理解社会工作服务递送过程——福利意识形态对社会工作本土化的启示

Understanding Social Work Service Delivery:Welfare Ideology Helps to Construct Indigenous Social Work Practice Model

本文通过质性研究方法,运用福利意识形态概念,对社会工作服务递送过程中的政府、专家、社会工作机构、社会工作者和服务对象这五个主要参与方的价值观体系进行分析,探讨其各自意识形态的核心特征,这些特征是其行为最重要的依据。在政府眼中,社会工作最重要的功能是维持社会稳定;在专家看来,社会工作服务应该具有专业性;对社会工作机构而言,它们关注社会工作服务的有效性;对社会工作者而言,社会工作被当作一个职业看待;对服务对象而言,社会工作则是一个尚待建立信任的新生事物。这五个参与方,秉持各自福利意识形态体系参与社会工作服务递送过程,共同建构了目前社会工作实务领域的问题并影响其结果。

Social work service delivery process in China involves five stakeholders,including governments,scholars,social work organizations,social workers and service users.Different from the Western countries,these five stakeholder welfare ideologies have different core values,which influences their behaviors and the effectiveness of social service delivery.In the eyes of the governments,social work is an instrument of social stability and this idea has and will continue to determine the policy making and resources arrangement For the educators of social work,the priority is to elucidate that social work is a scientific profession.Due to the disadvantaged and vulnerable status,social work organizations in China are eager to prove the effectiveness of social work service.The social workers regard social work as a job in the first place,although they are influenced by the work values.The service users are still in the process of trust building with the provider of the social benefits.The ideologies of five stakeholders in social work service delivery process are the key to understand the problems and achievements of social work practice.