授受动词与日本人的恩惠意识

Giving and Accepting Verbs and the Favor Awareness of the Japanese

授受动词是日语中独特而重要的语法现象之一。日语的授受动词除了表示物的"交付与接受"这层意思之外,还集中地体现了日本人所特有的恩惠意识。日本人的恩惠意识可以追溯到公元8世纪左右,恩惠意识贯穿于日本人的语言、生活、思想等方方面面,并在日本人的日常生活中发挥着重要的作用。在与日本人的实际语言交际中,我们会发现日本人在说话时非常重视对方的感受,往往采用谦逊的态度,委婉的说话方式,慎重地与他人交往。日本人还非常珍惜别人的恩惠,在有恩惠行为时,会非常积极地使用授受表达形式,并且特别注意恩惠意识的转换,并随着恩惠关系的转移,语言也发生相应的变化。这些都充分体现了授受动词与日本人的恩惠意识的密不可分的关系。

Giving and accepting verb is one of the important and special grammars of Japanese.giving and accepting verbs in Japanese not only indicate "give and accept",but also feature the favor awareness that Japanese have in particular.The favor awareness of the Japanese can be traced back to around the 8th century A.D.The favor awareness exists everywhere in the language,life and thoughts of the Japanese,which also plays an important role in the daily life of the Japanese.This paper will throw light on the relationship between the giving and accepting verbs of the Japanese language and the favor awareness of the Japanese people.