从认知语言学的角度看日汉比喻的异同

A Cognitive Linguistic Comparative Analysis on Chinese and Japanese Metaphors

认知语言学提出语言与人的认知能力有着密切的相关性和系统性,强调人的经验和认知能力在语义解释中的作用。比喻是人们头脑中相似的表象联想。一方面,面对相同的物质世界,中日两国人民有着相似或相同的认知能力,因此,在中日两种语言中,存在完全对应或基本上对应的比喻表达;另一方面,由于语言体系、自然环境、文化背景方面,中日两国人民对于世界的认知又是不同的。

According to cognitive linguistics,language and people’s cognitive competence are closely and systematically related with the experiences and cognitive competence playing important roles in the semantic interpretation.Metaphor refers to the similar imagery association in our minds.On one hand,both the Chinese and Japanese have the same or similar cognitive competence in facing our material world.Therefore,there exists the partial or even complete correspondence in the expression of metaphor.On the other hand,because of the differences in the language system,natural environment and cultural background,etc,the cognition of the two nations about the world is different as well.