高龄失能老人居住方式及影响因素的实证研究

Analysis of the Living Mode of the Disabled Oldest Elders and Its influencing factors

高龄失能老人居住方式直接影响到长期照护服务质量,通过对211位高龄失能老人的调查,发现他们理想的居住方式与现实的居住方式之间存在很大差异,大多数高龄失能老人理想的居住方式是与家人同住,而现实的居住方式则是入住养老机构比例在大幅度提高。经济与社会支持因素对高龄失能老人理想居住方式有较大影响,而居住地、婚姻状况、儿女数量等多因素阻碍他们实现理想的居住方式,使他们不得不居住在养老机构。在研究的基础上,提出社区应整合社会多方资源将照护服务递送到居家高龄失能老人身边,同时提高机构照护服务质量,使身居养老机构的高龄失能老人在接受专业化照护服务的同时感受到居家的温馨,以实现高龄失能老人理想的居住方式,满足他们对长期照护服务的需求。

With the advent of an aging society, the disabled oldest elders' living support system is increasingly critical in China. The survey shows that there is a big difference between the ideal living mode and the reality of living of the disabled oldest elders. The disabled oldest elders' ideal living is to live with their families while the realistic way of living is to live in social nursing institutions. The survey of 211 disabled oldest elders shows that the economic and social factors affecting their ideal living way, while the residing place, number of children affect their realistic selection of living mode.