一种现实主义和功能主义的国家观——读莱昂·狄骥的《法律与国家》

State-Theory of Realism and Functionalism .——Law and State of Leon Duguit

"国家主权论"是近代以来占据主流地位的公法理论,强调国家有凌驾于法律之上的特权。法国公法学家狄骥却独辟蹊径,提出了一种兼具现实主义和功能主义特色的全新理论:公共服务论,比较成功地解决了国家受制于法律约束的基本问题,为现代公法奠定了坚实的理论基础。

State-sovereignty-theory is a theory which holds the mainstream status in public law in modern times.It emphasizes that the state has a privilege over the law. French juristconsult developed a new method of his own, put forward a kind of new theory which was in both realism and functionalism——public service theory, and solved the basic problem that state was bound to law. It lays a solid theoretical foundation for modern public law.