把握语言学发展史的总脉络——试论“五段两线三解放”

Five Stages, Two Lines and Three Breakthroughs: The General Trend in Studies of Linguistics

"五段两线三解放"是语言学发展史的总脉络,所谓"五段"是指"语文学"、"历史比较语言学"、"结构主义语言学"、"形式语言学"和"交叉语言学";所谓"两线"是指贯穿语言学史的"参差论"与"整齐论"的斗争;所谓"三解放"是指以"历史比较语言学"、"索绪尔"、"社会语言学"为代表的三次突破性进展。"五段两线三解放"是"点"、"线"、"面"三结合研究语言学史的有效框架,它可以给我们许多有益的启示。

Fivestages,twolinesandthreebreakthroughsarethegeneraltrendofthestudiesoflinguistics.The five stages refer to those of philology, historical/comparative linguistics, structural linguistics, formal linguistics and intersectional linguistics; the two lines stand for those of Regularity and Irregularity that have competed throughout the history of western linguistics; and the three breakthroughs are presented by those of historical/comparative linguistics, Saussurean linguistics, and sociolinguistics, each of which played a crucial role in promoting linguistics studies into a new era. Therefore the general summarization of Five Stages, Two Lines and Three Breakthroughs provides a way that looks back into the history of linguistics studies, which may shed light on further studies in question.