论阮籍的庄学思想

Ruanji' Thoughts on Zhuangzi

以阮籍为首的竹林名士在魏晋之际开启了读庄的风潮,这既是那个时代险恶政治环境所致,更是东汉以降学术思想大势之所趋。但阮籍的庄学思想并未超出《庄子·齐物论》的范围,而且理解上还混杂着汉代气化论的思维方式。他以“万物一体”为中心命题,把宇宙理解成一个混沌整体,认为人生应该齐生死是非乃至万物。阮籍对庄学的贡献主要在对庄子思想的传播上,尤其是他对庄子思想的身体力行在士大夫阶层中影响很大,形成“放达”的社会风潮。

In the era of Wei and Jin dynasties, the fashion of reading zhuangzi became prevalent in the literati class headed by Ruanjis. It was not only caused by the treacherous political situation, but also caused by the academic trend which began in East Han. Ruanji's thoughts on zhuangzi did not overstepped the scope of Zhuangzi's philosophy. Moreover, they were mixed with the ideas of Gasification theory which prevailed in former period. Regarding himself as anything, Ruanji interpreted the Universe as a whole existence. Based on that theory, Ruanji advocated that people should ignore the problem of death and give up moral criterion. Ruanji's main contributions were spreading Zhuangzi's thoughts widely with his practice and changing the general mood of literati. Since then, a new ethos, which named 'Da' , appeared.