大型桥梁静载试验中的测量技术及应用

Surveying Technique and its Application in Static Load Test of Large Bridge

介绍了桥梁静载试验各阶段的测量工作要点.重点阐述了大型桥梁静载试验中的测量技术应用,主要内容包括桥梁静载试验中位移观测点的布置、观测工作程序、观测方法、数据处理、挠度曲线分析、以及全站仪在桥梁静载试验中的应用等.结果表明:桥梁静载试验要因地制宜,选用适合于本桥的观测方法;测点布设要力求少而精,点位尽可能地布置在工程的重点部位和变形敏感部位;在数据采集中,要在快速中保证观测精度.

The keys of surveying technique in static load test of bridges are introduced.The important aspect is the application of surveying technique in the static load test of large bridges. It includes the arrangement of observation points, surveying procedures, surveying methods, surveying data processing, bending curve analysis, and the application of total station in static load test.Take Swiss Leica TC1800 as an example,two new methods of horizontal displacement surveying to the top of the pier and main beam bending surveying method are mainly introduced.That is ,directly 3-dimensional coordinate location using total stations,direct measurement of horizontal offsets using total stations and main beam beding measurement by remote height method using total stations respectively.Compared with traditional methods,new methods have new advantages in engineering practice. It has been concluded that 1) appropriate surveying methods should be selected according to the location and surroundings of the bridge;2) the number of surveyed points should be minimum if possible, and the points should be selected at the important place or the deformation-sensitive place; 3) data should be collected rapidly if the accuracy can be ensured.