三角帆蚌蚌瘟病原的初步探讨

PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF THE FRESHWATER MUSSEL HYRIOPSIS CUMINGH PLAGUE

探讨了三个水产场三角帆蚌大批死亡的病因。取病料经匀浆、离心后取上清液,再经青霉素、链霉素处理或微孔滤膜过滤除菌,人工感染健康三角帆蚌均能引起发病死亡,并能连续传代。其症状和病理解剖变化与自然发病的蚌相似。病原病毒粒子有囊膜,核衣壳呈二十面体对称,大小80～120nm,暂称为蚌的类疱疹病毒。含毒病料置50％甘油磷酸盐缓冲液中,在0～4℃冰箱保存6个月,-20℃低温冰箱中保存一年半,仍有致病力。

A study of the pathogene causing high mortality in pearl—producing mussels in freshwaterHyriopsis cumingii, at the three aquiculture stations has been carried out. The disease anddeath have been reproduced artificially in normal Hyriopsis cumingii following inoculation with bacteria—free materials which were a suspension from diseased freshwater mussel specimens following homogenization, centrifugation, then the supernatant was taken to treatment with penicillinum and streptomycin, or millipore membran—filter filtration. It could be subsequently transmitted. Its symptoms and post-mortem appearances were similar to the natural disease. The liver and reproduction organ from artificially lethal and moribund freshwater mussels were used for ultrathin section and positive stain, in the nucleus the many viral particles could be found by electron microscopy. The capsid of the virus is enueloped and has icosahedron symmetry, and the size about 80～120nm.