超越自我的群体幻象——意识形态与20世纪上半叶中国文学社团的研究

The Collective Eidolon of Ego-Transcedence: A study of the Ideology and Chinese Literary Leagues in the First Half of the 20th Century

意识形态不仅是社会的有机组成部分,也是人类生命的有机组成部分。它更多作为一个在某种特定利益驱使下形成的包含着欲望、情感、表象的知识系统,有着理论和实践的功能。它包容着政治、经济、道德、伦理等观念思想,但又不是简单的等同。意识形态是一个动态的整合的文化概念。这一理论视野提供了重新审视和阐释现代中国文学社团的可能。现代中国文学社团的源流、生成及形态等,与现代中国社会政治文化等诸方面构成了关系复杂的网络。现代中国文学社团发展史既是一部现代意识形态史,又是现代知识分子不断追求超越自我的群体幻象。在一个互动的文化结构体系中,考察现代文学社团自身,反省现代文学社团研究,重要的是尊重文学社团的独立形态、结构特征,正确区分与文学流派、思潮的整合关系。

An ideology is an organic part of society as well as human life. What's more, an ideology that is shaped by the system of knowledge, coupled with desire, emotion and representation, performs practical and theoretical functions and accordingly, it encompasses the thoughts of politics, economy, moral and ethic. Such an ideology is a dynamic and integrated cultural concept, which enables us to re-examine and interpret modern Chinese literary leagues. This paper argues that the origin, development and state of modern Chinese literary leagues and modern Chinese social political culture have woven a complex web and that the history of the development of modern Chinese literary leagues is a story of collective eidolon self-actualized and pursued by modern intellectuals as well as a history of ideology. Within such an interactional cultural web, it is of importance to give due respect to the independency and structural traits of literary leagues, to distinguish them from integrated relation of literature genres, trends of thought when putting modern literary leagues themselves under scrutiny.