黄河水库群水沙资源化联合调度管理的若干思考

New concept and practice in joint regulation of reservoir groups on the Yellow River by regarding flood and sediment as resources

本文通过对黄河2003年秋汛洪水调度实践、黄河水沙资源和处理洪水泥沙措施的分析研究,提出要对黄河进行水库群水沙资源化联合调度管理的理念,水沙一体化、"科学拦蓄、调排有序、挖放结合、分滞兼顾"的调度管理思想及"场次洪水汛限水位"、洪水泥沙调度实行两个"二级分化"、拓宽分水分沙途径、水库群一体化调度等措施。并提出了相关实施建议。

Based on the flood regulation practice in autumn 2003,the author reviewed the water and sediment control strategy and measures of Yellow River by applying a concept of regarding flood and sediment as resources instead of just hazardous factors.Water and sediment resources should be regulated simultaneously by means of joint operation of reservoir groups on Yellow River and its tributaries.A strategy of integrated water and sediment regulation for reservoir groups was put forward,which could be summarized as follows:(1)Storing water and sediment properly by adjusting the flood control level for each flood event instead of a fixed set in the whole flood season;(2) Regulating outflow purposely aiming at polarizing the flow and its sediment content in order to obtain favorable flow and sediment condition to increase the downstream river channel conveyance capacity;(3) Adopting various measures such as dredging and warping for diversion and detention of both sediment and flood accordingly in order not only to reduce flood and siltation but also recharge groundwater and improve saline-alkali soil in estuarine areas;(4) Conducting multi-purpose joint regulation of reservoir groups on Yellow River and its tributaries in order to optimize the comprehensive benefits of flood control,sediment reduction,water supply and power generation.Suggestions on the joint regulation of reservoir groups were also recommended and discussed.