LDT和IFAT用于黑热病防治效果考核的研究

A Practical study of LDT and IF AT on Evaluation the Effect of control of Kala-azar

本文用LDT方法于1989～1991年对山东、江苏两省15个地市、28个县区、89个村庄12835名农村居民进行了黑热病的免疫学研究。结果发现,在近30年无病人地区,30岁以下无一人呈LDT阳性反应;而近10年曾有病人地区,各年龄组均有阳性人群,且10岁组(1.81％)和30岁组(3.28％)阳性率差异不显著(x^2=2.18,P>0.05)。两地区LDT阳性率随年龄增加而增加。对泰安地区青少年进行LDT的动态观察,发现其阳性反应和黑热病患病率呈正比关系。不仅证实LDT对黑热病流行病学研究的作用,而且初步肯定了LDT用于黑热病防治效果考核的可行性。对IFAT在黑热病研究方面的应用亦给予肯定。

In 1989-1991 year, we conducted a relatively large scale immunological survey of kala-azar in Shan Dong and Jiang Su including 89 townships located in 28 counties of 15 prefectures and cities. A total of 12 835 rural residents had received leishmanin dermal test (LDT). The results showed none of the people under 30 years of age was positive on the area of no having patient of kala-azar in recent 30 years, but, on the area of having patient of kala-azar, every age group had positive people of LDT, muchmore, there was not obvious difference in positive 3.285 rate of LDT in 10 year age group(1.81%) and 30 year age group(3.28%) (x2 = 2.18,P>0.05). the positive rate of LDT increased with the adding age on the two areas. with a dynamic observating under 20 years of age in Taian area, we found the positive rate of LDT is in direct proportion to the incidence rate of kala-azar. This shows that LDT is of great value in the epidemiological invastigation of kala-azar. and the evaluating of control measures. During the survey, blood samples were also taken from 2 176 people for indirect fluorescent antibody test(IFAT). Results were all negative. Therefore, this not only proves the practical value of LDT, but also initiates a new way for IFAT to evaluating the control of kala-azar.