青光眼的视神经保护治疗

Advances of glaucomatous optic neuroprotection therapy

视网膜神经节细胞死亡是青光眼视神经损伤的最终共同通路,阻断或延缓神经节细胞原发性和(或)继发性损伤的治疗方法称为青光眼视神经保护治疗。目前这一领域的研究包括基因治疗、谷氨酸拮抗剂、钙通道阻滞剂、自由基清除剂、NO合成酶抑制剂、β受体阻滞剂、α2-肾上腺素能受体激动剂、疫苗接种等。在未来的青光眼治疗中视神经保护治疗很可能成为一种重要的辅助治疗措施,将和包括降眼压药在内的其他手段一起来减少各种原发性和(或)继发性致病因素对视网膜神经节细胞的损伤。

The final common pathway of glaucomatous optic neuropathy is retinal ganglion cells death. Because lowering intraocular pressure is not always sufficient to halt the progression of this optic neuropathy, there has been considerable efforts to develop therapeutics that can prevent or delay the retinal ganglion cells from undergoing primary/secondary degeneration. This therapeutic strategy is termed neuroprotection. There are numbers of promising areas of research for this new glaucoma therapy, including glutamate antagonists, calcium channel blockers, antioxidants, nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, neurotrophins, vaccination, anti-apoptotic agents, ect. In the future, optic neuroprotection in glaucoma would likely become an important adjunct therapy with other cares, such as intraocular pressure lowering treatment, to lessen the primary/secondary insults of retinal ganglion cells.