西藏朗县(无眼科县)眼病初步调查和白内障手术报告

Prevalence of ocular diseases and cataract surgery in ophthalmologist-free region-Lang County, Tibet

目的:探讨西藏无眼科医疗服务县朗县眼病患病情况和初次开展白内障手术情况。方法:在包括眼科医生在内的援藏医疗队工作中,记录统计就诊眼病情况和盲与低视力原因,开展白内障等眼科手术。结果:22个工作日内共有首诊患者300余例,依次为白内障、眼睑及结、角膜疾病、屈光不正、鼻泪管阻塞(慢性泪囊炎)和视网膜变性等。盲或低视力的原因依次为白内障、角膜混浊、眼球萎缩、视网膜变性、视神经萎缩和屈光不正等。62眼盲眼中,26眼(41.9%)为白内障所致。完成手术42台,白内障囊外摘除术或加人工晶状体植入27例(29眼),脱盲率93.1%,脱残率69.0%,白内障手术率2000。结论:西藏无眼科和眼科医生县眼病患病情况严重,白内障是致盲的主要原因。派遣医疗队进行1～2mo的眼科医疗工作,开展白内障手术,可在一定程度上减少盲和低视力患者,缓解无眼科县缺医少药的紧张情况。

AIM: To estimate the prevalence of ocular diseases in ophthalmologist-free region (OFR)-Lang County, Tibet and to report the cataract surgery for the first time in this region.· METHODS: Medical exploration team worked for one month in Lang County. The ocular diseases and the causes of blindness or low vision were recorded. Extracapsular cataract extraction(ECCE)and introcular lens(IOL)implantation and other ophthalmic surgeries were performed for the first time in Lang County.· RESULTS: More than 300 cases with ocular problem were examined within 22 working days, including, in falling order, cataract external diseases, ametropia, obstruction of naso-lacrimal duct and retina degeneration. The causes leading to blindness or low vision included, in falling order, cataract, corneal opacity, atrophy of eyeball, retina degeneration, optic nerve atrophy and ametropia. In 62 eyes of blindness, 26 eyes (41.9%) were cataract. ECCE or IOL implantation were performed on 29 eyes (27 cases) which got successful surgeries at the rate of 93.1%. The cataract surgical rate was 2000.· CONCLUSION: The prevalence of ocular diseases in OFR is serious, the principal cause of blindness being cataract. Medical exploration team may play an important role in blindness prevention in OFR.