青海地区鼠疫菌株毒力特性的研究

Study on the Virulence Characteristic of Y. pestis Isolated from Qinghai Province

本文对青海省喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫自然疫源地内的383株鼠疫菌的毒力测定结果进行了分析。有373株属于强毒鼠疫菌,7株为中等毒力菌,3株为自然界分离的弱毒鼠疫菌。于同一地区不同流行年代、不同宿主分离的鼠疫菌毒力无明显差异,青藏高原型菌株毒力比祁连山型菌株毒力强。缺失Pgm、VW因子的菌株大多毒力减弱,但有的也保持了较强毒力。另有12株经过长期人工培养基传代保存的菌株毒力明显降低。

The virulence detecting results of 383 Y. pestis strains from Qinghai Marmota himalayana natural focus were analysed in this paper. There were 373 strains fell into virulent Y. pestis , 7 strains of middle virulence and 3 strains with mild virulence isolated from nature. No obvious variety existed in the virulence of Y. pestis isolated from different hosts in various epidemical eras in the same district. The Y. pestis of Qingzang Plateau-type was more virulent than that of Qilian Mountain type was. The reduction of virulence was related to lack of Pgm and VW mostly, but some of them had also retained more virulence. After long term of passages in series in manmade medium, the virulence of other 12 strains declined evidently.