小儿输尿管异位开口的影像诊断(附68例分析)

Imaging examinations and diagnosis of children′s ectopic uretal aperture (with a review of 68 cases)

目的探讨小儿输尿管异位开口的影像检查方法及影像表现。方法回顾性分析68例小儿输尿管异位开口的临床资料及影像检查方法和影像表现。结果输尿管异位开口并发重复肾双输尿管畸形44例,并发发育不全肾畸形24例。IVU检查全部显示了重复肾的直接或间接征象,但对严重发育不全肾及异位开口的输尿管显示率较低。8例CT检查均显示了重复肾或发育不全肾及其引流的输尿管。结论IVU检查结合临床表现多数病例能够作出输尿管异位开口的定性和定位诊断,少数病例需要辅以CT检查方可明确诊断。

Objective To discuss the imaging findings and examination methods of ectopic uretal aperture in children. Methods The clinical data, imaging methods and findings of 68 cases with ectopic uretal aperture were analyzed retrospectively. Results In 44 cases ectopic uretal aperture were associated with duplex kidneys (DK), and in 24 cases ectopic uretal aperture were associated with dysplasia of kidneys. IVU could display direct or indirect signs of DK in all cases, while it could hardly display dysplastic kidney and ectopic uretal aperture. CT scans were performed in 8 patients, in which DK, dysplastic kidney and the draining ureters could be evaluated. Conclusion Definitive diagnosis is made in most cases with the integrating the clinical information and IVU findings. However, CT scan is recommended in a few cases.