山东省枣庄市7岁以下儿童先天性和遗传性疾病现状调查

Investigation on Congenital and Hereditary Diseases a mong Children at the Age of 0 - 7 in Zaozhuang City

目的:了解山东省枣庄地区7岁以下儿童先天性和遗传性疾病发生情况及相关因素。方法:2002年7-8月份,采取抽查方式对样本点儿童进行遗传性疾病的三级筛查。结果:共筛查样本点儿童27 105人,患病1 493人,共101种疾病,同时患两种及以上疾病者103例。患病儿童中男性1 070人,女性423人,男女之比为2.35:1;经济状况较差者比经济状况好者发病率明显增高。影响婴儿出生质量的先天性与遗传性疾病前10位依次为:腹股沟疝、耳前瘘管、斜视、智力低下、先天性心脏病、鞘膜积液、隐睾症、子耳、错颌、外耳畸形。结论:本地区出生缺陷发病率较高,必须尽快实施出生缺陷干预。

Objective: To study the state of congenital and hereditary diseases among the children at the age of 0 - 7 and the related factors in Zaozhuang city. Methods: The children at the age of 0 - 7 were randomly selected for three - grade screening of congenital and hereditary diseases from August to July in 2002. Results: 27105 children took the examination. Of the 1493 patients, 103 had two or more types of diseases. The number of male children was 1070, and the number of female children was 423. There were 101 kinds of diseases in all. The disease incidence in poor areas was remarkably higher than that in the richer areas. The first 10 kinds of congenital and genetic disease influencing birth quality is as follows: inguinal hernia, preau ricular fistula, squint, mental retardation, congenital heart disease, hydrocele of tunicae vaginas, cryptorchidsm, filial ear, malocclusion, and external ear deformity. Conclusion: The incidence of birth defects in this area is relatively higher.