上海市暴雨地面积水的研究

THE STUDY ON DTORM-BORN SURFACE WATER ACCUMULATION IN DOWNTOWN AREA OF SHANGHAT

本文根据作者等多年来对上海市区112个暴雨地面积水点的系统观测和调查资料,结合自然因素和社会经济等条件的综合分析,探讨了市区暴雨地面积水的时空分布特征、成因及其防治对策;提出了暴雨地面积水程度和分类方案,论证了市区暴雨地面积水的主导因素。认为:遵循综合治理的原则,采取改善排水系统、增加泵站容量、因地制宜确定排水标准、提高排水设施管理水平等工程和非工程相结合的措施,是不断地改善上海等大城市市区暴雨地面积水状况的有效途径。

Observation and investigation at 112 sites in the downtown area of Shanghai were carried out during the last several years. Based on the preliminary results,the distribution features,causes and treatment measures of the stom-born surface walor accumulation in the downtown area of Shanghai are discussed in this paper. The main conclusions are as follows; 1.The storm-born surface water accumulation in the downtown area of Shanghai has become more and more serious and it mostly occurred during the period from July to September in each year. 2. The physical and social-economical factors such as storm intensity .landuse and drainage systems determine the spatial and temporal distribution of storm-born surface water accumulation. On the basis of comparing present situation of the drainage systems with its planned standard in 20000,9 serious surface water accumulation areas were found. 3.The methods of Delipi and Factor Analysis were used in this study. The results showed that the low drainage standard is the dominant reason for causing the water accumulation in downtown. ?. To reduce the disasters,the authors suggest that the combination of the structure and nonstructure measures the most effective.