论《双城记》浪漫现实主义的仁爱精神

On the Benevolent Spirit of the Romantic Realism in A Tale of Two Cities

作为忧患之作,《双城记》以法国大革命为载体借古喻今地反映了尖锐的阶级对立和激烈的阶级斗争;通过各种人物的遭遇及其人性剖析,展示了人道主义视野下革命的合理性与复仇的疯狂性,并提倡用仁爱和宽恕的精神来化解仇恨、改变那些被扭曲的心灵。德伐日太太的形象表现了作家对压迫与反抗问题的理性思考、对轮回式的阶级斗争的忧虑和对美好人生的企盼。小说体现了狄更斯对人性与社会的严肃探讨,也因其优美的语言、扣人心弦的情节、含蓄悠远的象征意象及浪漫现实主义的风格赢得了读者。

With French and the English society of the last years of the 18th century as the background, A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens reveals effectively the novelist's purpose of revealing the injustices of oppression and the justification of the revolution. However, Dickens shows his strong criticism on the excess of bloodshed during the French Revolution, especially in his consideration of the innocent(like Charles Darnay) being punished along with the guilty. He feels that the old ways of oppression must be changed, and that much oppression and much misery will inevitably lead to revolution, but when the revolution actually appears, he thinks that it is too violent and that the less bloodshed, the better. The chief and the best portrayed figure is Madame Defarge, the leader of the revolution. She has less sympathy for the innocent, and incarnates the author's logos thinking about the extreme vengeance.