近代基督教会在中国内地置产建堂条约根据质疑

Oppugnation on the Basis of the Convention that Modern Christianity Church's Purchase of Land and Construction of Churches in China's Interior

一般认为,传教士在中国内地置产建堂是根据1860年中法《北京条约》。但该条约中文本第六款最后一句是传教士私自加上的,是非法无效的。1865年中法专门就此签订了"柏尔德密协议",但在传教士买地前是否应先报地方官查明准允这一关键问题上发生争议。在1881年和1887年两次济南教案中,美国官方明确表示传教士在内地置产建堂并无法律依据。直到1903年美国传教士才获得在中国内地置产建堂的条约根据。总之,传教士在内地置产建堂主要是通过对条约的曲解和清政府的"容忍"来实现的。

It is generally believed that that the missionaries'purchase of land and construction of churches in China's interior is in accordance with the 'Convention of Peking' between China and France signed in 1860. However, the last sentence in its sixth article is inserted in secretly by the missionaries and is therefore illegal and invalid. On account of this, China and France especially signed the 'Secret Berthemy Agreement'in 1865, but controversies between both parties were still brought about as to whether or not their purchase of land should subject to the magistrates'examination and permission. During the church incidents of Jinan in 1881 and in 1887, American authorities clearly expressed it with no legal basis. It is not until 1903 that the American missionaries obtained legal bases for their puchase. In short, that their purchase of land and construction of churches have been carried out by means of twisting the Convention and with the help of the Qin-Dynasty government's 'tolerance'.