从“气韵”看中国古典美学的诗性思维特点

Study at the charactersitics of poetic thinking in Chinese ancient oriental aesthetic from“Qiyun”

“气韵”范畴是中国美学中最有代表性的范畴之一 ,它的哲学基础是中国古代哲学的气本体论 ,以气作为宇宙万物和生命的本原 ,是中国传统文化对宇宙、人生和艺术的基本观念。而这一形上本体的呈现和传达 ,又是以“韵”的表现方式达到的。“韵”不是对事物外在形态的描摹 ,而是追求表现超出形象之外的事物的精神状态或内在特质 ,它既源自对象自身的丰富性 ,又依赖于主体的心灵境界 ,并依靠两者的充分交融而得以生成。气韵范畴显现出中国审美文化的诗性思维特征。在中国文化史上 ,气、韵各自内涵的丰富性又为其在美学史上的意义演变提供了多种可能性。

“Qiyun” category is one of the most representative categories in Chinese aesthetics. It has become the core of the drawing theory .The philosophical base of “Qiyun” is the “Qi” theory in the ancient Chinese philosophy, which looks on “Qi” as the origin of the things and life of the universe, and the basic idea of universe ,lifelong and art in the traditional Chinese culture. The presentation and expression of “Qi” are attained by the way of “Yun”. As the unique verbal method, the characteristic of“Yun” lies in that it is not the description of the outside form. It persues the inner nature or spiritual state expressing the things beyond the image. It originates from its richness,depends on the soul state of the subject, appears from the combination of the two. The category of “Qiyun” reflects the characteristic of poetic thinking of the aesthetic culture of ancient China. In the history of Chinese culture, the richness of the connotation of “Qi” and “Yun” provides various possibilities in the evolution of the art history.