大型航天器舱内流动与传热传质集成分析

INTEGRATED FLOW HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER ANALYSIS IN LARGE SPACECRAFT

在低流速、常温、层流假定下,利用数值模拟方法,实现了大型航天器返回舱、轨道舱内流动与传热传质分析.模拟结果表明,冷凝干燥组件、净化通风组件、风扇、热控风机和其他仪器设备对航天器舱内空气流动具有不同的影响;通过分析空气流场对舱内温度、空气湿度、二氧化碳浓度的影响,探讨了评价流场的质量和能量输运作用;从总体角度提出,通过一定的布局,设计出具有环流的全局流场的同时,具有流动与扩散相协调的局部流场,建立了统一流场的设计新思路。

The air flow field in a large spacecraft was analyzed by the method of numerical simulation under conditions of low velocity, room temperature and laminar flow's assumption. Effects of the condenser, air cleaner, fans and other objects in the spacecraft on the air flow field were observed, and corresponding influences of flow field to distributions of temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration inside the spacecraft were presented. Accordingly, the transport of mass and energy by airflow was evaluated and a theory of whole-flow-field-design in the large spacecraft was brought forward. In this theory, a novel design to construct the whole flow field with circumfluent and the partial flow field cooperating with diffusion of mass and heat was emphasized, from the whole system point of view. That was, equipments in spacecraft must be arranged in specified place to result in circumfluence in the whole flow field, and the partial flow field was designed to cooperate with diffusion of heat, water and carbon dioxide source. Comparisons of some parameters e.g. average velocity and velocity un-uniformity coefficient of flow, were carried out between the recoverable module and the orbital module of the spacecraft, and the results well approved the novel theory above.