家庭承包责任制:新时期农村现代化的加速器

The system of household contract of land:the accelerator of rural modernization during the new period

十一届三中全会以后我国逐步推行家庭承包责任制,使农民有了土地使用权和经营自主权,极大地调动了广大农民的生产积极性,解放了农村生产力。它对农业现代化产生了巨大的推动作用,也是乡镇企业异军突起的基本条件;家庭承包责任制导致人民公社解体,村民自治应运而生;农村改革引起的社会大变动,深刻地改变了农民传统的思想观念。尽管家庭承包责任制也有其自身局限性,但仍有广泛的适应性和旺盛的生命力。目前,必须确保农村土地承包关系长期不变。

The system of household contract of land was implemented gradually after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Congress of CPC Central Committee gave the farmers the right of use and management of the land distributed by the collective. This system has greatly aroused the production enthusiasm of the farmers, thereby liberating the rural production force. It has produced a big impetus to China's agricultural modernization, and it is also the essential prerequisite of the rapid development of rural enterprises.The free labor force and market-oriented rural enterprises caused by the system of job responsibility formed the micro-basis of socialist market economy;the system of job responsibility impelled the system of the people's commune to death.As a result, the self-administration of the villagers occurred. The great social changes caused by the rural reform have deeply changed the farmers' ideology. Although the system of job responsibility has its limitations,it is still suitable for various agricultural operation manners,and therefore full of vitality.The system must be kept for a long time.