以文论人:李健吾文学批评的理论模式

Evaluating Writers According to Their Writings: On the Theory Model of Jian wu, LI's Literary Criticism

作为中国现代文学批评史上一位颇具特色的批评家,李健吾的文学批评主要着眼于"人",他从文本分析入手,探寻潜藏在其中的人性人格,并藉此展开对整个人生宇宙的深层看法。本文拟从批评的精神内核、人性审美视角的批评尺度、批评实践中的具体路线三个方面来探讨李健吾"以文论人"的批评模式。"人"的因素是该模式的主线,批评的最终旨归是丰富的人性。但在方法上又并不完全局限于其惯用的印象主义批评,同时还采用实证性的批评方法,二者相互补益。

As a distinctive critic of modern Chinese literary criticism history, Jian-wu LI's criticism mainly focused on human. Starting from analyzing texts, he explored the humanity and personality which were hidden in the texts, by which he expressed his views about the whole life and world. The author of this article tries to discuss LI's criticism model that evaluating writers according to their writings, including the spirit cores of the criticism, the aesthetic humanity dimension of criticism and the course of criticism. In the model, human was the main factor and the final aim of criticism was to discover abundant personalities. Jian-wu LI wasn't restrained by the impressionism criticism which he always used before, he also resort to the positivism criticism. Both of the two methods reinforce each other.